What is Dyslexia?
Dyslexia is a neurodevelopmental learning difference which includes differing abilities, with strengths in creative, problem-solving and communication skills and challenges with spelling, reading and memorising facts.
Dyslexia influences as many as 1 in 5 people and is a genetic difference in an individual’s ability to learn and process information. Generally, a dyslexic cognitive profile will be uneven when compared to a neurotypical cognitive profile.
This means that dyslexic individuals really do think differently. Traditional benchmarking disadvantages dyslexics, measuring them against the very things they find challenging. Made By Dyslexia (2023).
There is no connection between dyslexia and intelligence. Dyslexia occurs across all sectors of society and is a lifelong condition. Dyslexia occurs independent of ability and socio-economic background.
Neurotypical cognitive profile
This means the “usual” way most people’s brains develop and work. A neurotypical person’s thinking, memory, and learning skills follow the patterns expected for their age without any differences such as dyslexia, ADHD, or autism.
Cognitive profile
This is like a “map” of how someone thinks and learns. It shows their strengths and weaknesses in areas such as memory, problem-solving, language, and attention. For example, a child might be very strong in creative thinking but find reading or remembering facts harder.
Neurodevelopmental
This word describes how the brain develops from childhood through adulthood. When professionals say a condition is “neurodevelopmental,” it means the difference or difficulty started in brain development—for example, dyslexia, autism, or ADHD are all neurodevelopmental differences.
How can I get (my child) assessed?
If you (or your child) are still in school you should approach your teacher or SENCO and explain why you think you may be dyslexic and need to know/be assessed. We recommend that before you do this you learn as much as you can about dyslexia so you are well-informed. To inform yourself we would recommend that you watch the videos/podcast on our YouTube channel and take the training on our Training page.
If you are not in school or want a private assessment, there are two ways you can go about this.
- Through Dyslexia Gibraltar. Please email Jessica@dyslexia.gi for more details, OR
- Go to the UK and get assessed there. We have worked with Professor David McLoughlin for over 20 years. For more details, visit https://www.dyslexia-idc.org/ or email his PA – kellie@dyslexia-idc.org.
Is dyslexia just about reading and writing backwards?
No. Dyslexia is not simply about reversing letters or words. It affects how the brain processes written and spoken language, making reading, spelling, and writing more difficult. Some children may reverse letters, but dyslexia is much broader than that.
Can dyslexia be cured or outgrown?
Dyslexia is not something that can be “cured.” It is not an illness. It does not need to be “cured”. However, with the right support, strategies, and tools, children and adults with dyslexia can learn to manage it effectively and achieve their goals.
Does having dyslexia mean someone is less intelligent?
Absolutely not. Dyslexia has no connection to intelligence. Many people with dyslexia are highly creative, excellent problem-solvers, and thrive in areas like art, design, sports, and business.
Is dyslexia considered a disability?
Yes, legally dyslexia is recognised as a specific learning difficulty and, in many education systems, it is classed as a disability under equality laws. This means schools have a duty to provide reasonable support and accommodations. However, we at Dyslexia Gibraltar do not call it a disability as it is a difference with many skills and strengths.
What should I do if I think my child might be dyslexic?
If you notice your child struggling with reading, spelling, or remembering written information, speak with their teacher. You can request an assessment or referral to an educational psychologist for a formal diagnosis.
At what age can dyslexia be identified?
Signs can appear in early primary years, but a reliable diagnosis is usually made around 7–9 years old, once reading and writing skills have had time to develop.
What happens once my child is diagnosed?
The school should create a support plan tailored to your child’s needs. This may include extra time in exams, small group work, or using assistive technology. We recommend that you meet with your child’s teacher every term to see how they are progressing.
Will the school help my child? What can I expect?
Yes. Schools are expected to provide support such as:
Differentiated teaching methods
Extra time for tests and exams
Access to specialist teachers or learning support assistants
Use of tools like coloured overlays, laptops, or text-to-speech software
What kind of help will the school give?
Support varies but may include one-to-one sessions, literacy interventions, and exam accommodations. Teachers should also adapt lessons to suit your child’s learning style.
How can I support my child at home?
Read together daily, using audiobooks if needed.
Break homework into small, manageable steps.
Encourage your child’s strengths—creativity, problem-solving, and verbal skills.
Celebrate effort, not just results.
Stay positive and patient; confidence is key.
Will my child be able to do GCSEs and A levels?
Yes. Many students with dyslexia go on to achieve GCSEs, A levels, and higher education qualifications. With the right support—such as extra time, technology aids, and specialist teaching—your child can succeed academically.